前两天我看了山本萨夫的《白色巨塔》，这个戏编剧的说故事水平很高，编剧桥本忍是黑泽明的长期合作者。顺便查了几个大牌编剧的剧本单子附录一下。其中盖拉是个诗人，我在以前写安东尼奥尼的一篇文章中简单地提到过。他的单子不完全，其中《爱神》中安东尼奥尼部分是他编剧，并担任执行导演。本·赫特是不折不扣的好莱坞编剧，他的剧本中有许多是好莱坞经典作品。

 

桥本忍 Shinobu Hashimoto

The Seven Samurai ------- (2008) 
I Want to Be a Shellfish ------- (2008) 
I Want to Be a Shellfish ------- (2007) 
Maboroshi no mizuumi ------- (1982) 
八墓村 Yatsu haka-mura ------- (1977) 
八甲田山 Hakkodasan ------- (1977) 
人间革命 续集 Zoku ningen kakumei ------- (1976) 
砂器/砂之器/曲终魂断 Suna no utsuwa ------- (1974) 
日本沉没 Nippon chinbotsu ------- (1973) 
人间革命 Ningen kakumei ------- (1973) 
Yellow Dog ------- (1973) 
电车狂/没有季节的小墟 Dô desu ka den ------- (1970) 
Kage no kuruma ------- (1970) 
斩人 Hitokiri ------- (1969) 
风林火山 Furin kazan ------- (1969) 
连合舰队司令官:山本五十六/山本五十六 Rengo kantai shirei chôkan: Yamamoto Isoroku ------- (1968) 
夺命剑 Jôi-uchi: Hairyô tsuma shimatsu ------- (1967) 
日本最长的一天/大战末日 Nihon no ichiban nagai hi ------- (1967) 
大菩萨岭 Dai-bosatsu tôge ------- (1966) 
Shiroi Kyotou ------- (1966) 
侍 Samurai ------- (1965) 
西方罗生门/雨打梨花 The Outrage ------- (1964) 
白与黑 Shiro to kuro ------- (1963) 
太平洋之翼 Taiheiyo no tsubasa ------- (1963) 
切腹 Seppuku ------- (1962) 
Zero no shoten ------- (1961) 
七侠荡寇誌/豪勇七蛟龙 The Magnificent Seven ------- (1960) 
太平洋之嵐/太平洋风暴/太平洋之战 Hawai Middouei daikaikusen: Taiheiyo no arashi ------- (1960) 
懒汉睡夫/恶汉甜梦 Warui yatsu hodo yoku nemuru ------- (1960) 
Iwashigumo ------- (1958) 
战国英豪/暗堡里的三恶人/武士勤王记 Kakushi-toride no san-akunin ------- (1958) 
蜘蛛巢城 Kumonosu jô ------- (1957) 
Mahiru no ankoku ------- (1956) 
活人的记录 Ikimono no kiroku ------- (1955) 
七武士/七侠四义/七人之侍 Shichinin no samurai ------- (1954) 
太平洋之鷲 Taiheiyo no washi ------- (1953) 
生之欲/流芳颂 Ikiru ------- (1952) 
罗生门/筱竹丛林 Rashômon ------- (1950) 

Tonino Guerra

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Writer. Nationality: Italian. Born: Antonio Guerra in Sant'Arcangelo, Romagna, 16 March 1920. Education: Degree in education. Family: Married Lora Iabloskina. Career: 1956—first script for film, Uomini e Lupi; also author of verse and fiction.

 

Films as Writer:
1956 Uomini e lupi (Men and Wolves) (De Santis)

1957 Un ettaro di cielo (Casadio)

1958 Cesta duga godinu dana (La strada lunga un'anno) (De Santis)

1959 L'avventura (Antonioni)

1960 Le signore (Vasile); La garçonnière (De Santis) La notte (The Night) (Antonioni); Il carro armata dell'otto settembre (Puccini)

1961 L'assassino (The Lady Killer of Rome) (Petri)

1962 I giorni contati (Petri); L'eclisse (Eclipse) (Antonioni)

1963 La noia (The Empty Canvas) (Damiani)

1964 Gli invincibili sette (The Secret Seven) (De Martino); Il Deserto rosso (The Red Desert) (Antonioni); "Una donna dolce dolce" ep. of La Donna è una cosa meravigliosa (Bolognini); Le ore nude (Vicario); Matrimonio all'italiana (Marriage, Italian Style) (De Sica); "Una donna d'affari" ep. of Controsesso (Castellani); Saul e David (Saul and David) (Baldi)

1965 Casanova '70 (Monicelli); I grandi condottieri (Baldi); La decima vittima (The Tenth Victim) (Petri)

1966 Blow-up (Antonioni); "Fata Armenia" ep. of Le fate (The Queens) (Monicelli)

1967 C'era una volta (More than a Miracle) (Rosi); Lo scatenato (Catch as Catch Can) (Indovina); L'occhio selvaggio (The Wild Eye) (Cavara)

1968 Un tranquillo posto di campagna (A Quiet Place in the Country) (Petri); Sissignore (Tognazzi); Amanti (A Place for Lovers) (De Sica)

1969 L'Invitata (De Seta); In Search of Gregory (Wood)

1970 I girasoli (Sunflower) (De Sica); Zabriskie Point (Antonioni); Tre nel mille (Indovina); Uomini contro (Rosi); Giochi particolari (Indovina)

1971 La supertestimone (Giraldi)

1972 Il caso Mattei (The Mattei Affair) (Rosi); Gli ordini sono ordini (Giraldi); Bianco, rosso, e . . . (White Sister) (Lattuada)

1973 Lucky Luciano (Rosi)

1974 Amarcord (Fellini); Dites-le avec les fleurs (Grimblat)

1975 Quaranta gradi all'ombra del lenzuolo (Martino)

1976 Cadaveri eccellenti (Illustrious Corpses) (Rosi); Caro Michele (Monicelli)

1978 Un Papillon sur l'épaule (Deray); Letti selvaggi (Zampa)

1979 Cristo si è fermato a Eboli (Christ Stopped at Eboli) (Rosi); Il mistero di Oberwald (The Oberwald Mystery) (Antonioni)

1981 La notte di San Lorenzo (The Night of San Lorenzo) (P. & V. Taviani); Tre fratelli (Rosi)

1982 Identificazione di una donna (Antonioni)

1983 E la nave va (And the Ship Sails On) (Fellini); Nostalghia (Tarkovsky)

1984 Carmen (Rosi); Kaos (Chaos) (P. & V. Taviani)

1985 Henry IV (Enrico IV) (Bellocchio); Taxidi sta kithira (Angelopoulos)

1986 Good Morning Babilonia (Hollywood Sunset; Good Morning Babylon) (P. and V. Taviani); Ginger e Fred (Fellini); O Melissokomos (The Beekeeper) (Angelopoulos)

1987 Cronaca di una morte annunciata (Chronicle of a Death Foretold) (Rosi)

1988 Topio stin omichli (Landscape in the Mist; Le Paysage dans le brouillard; Landschaft im Nebel) (Angelopoulos); Il frullo del passero (La femme de mes amours) (Mingozzi)

1989 Burro (Sanchez); Dimenticare Palermo (To Forget Palermo; Oublier Palerme; The Palermo Connection) (Rosi)

1990 Il sole anche di notte (Die Nachtsonne; The Sun Also Shines at Night; Nightsun; Il sole di notte) (P. and V. Taviani); Stanno tutti bene (Everybody's Fine; Ils vont tous bien) (Tornatore)

1991 Viaggio d'amore (Journey of Love) (Fabbri); To meteoro vima to Pelargou (Suspended Step of the Stork; Le Pas suspendu de la cicogne; Meteoro vima tou Pelargou) (Angelopoulos); La Domenica specialmente (Especially on Sunday) (Tornatore)

1993 The Petrified Garden (Gitai)

1995 To vlemma tou odyssea (Lo sguardo di Ulisse; Le regard d'Ulysse) (Angelopoulos); Al di là delle nuvole (Beyond the clouds; Par delà les nuages) (Antonioni and Wenders)

1996 La Tregua (The Truce) (Rosi)

1997 Tajna Marchello (Marcello's Secret) (Naumov); Porto Santo (Vicente Jorge Silva)

1999 Mia aiwniothta kai mia mera (Eternity and a Day) (Angelopoulos); Tierra del fuego (Littin)

 

Ben Hecht的剧本

Kiss of Death (1995/I) (1947 screenplay)
Notorious (1992) (TV) (earlier screenplay) (earlier story)

Switching Channels (1988) (play "The Front Page")
Je hais les acteurs (1986) (novel)
... aka I Hate Actors
Scarface (1983) (1932 screenplay) (uncredited)
Spéciale dernière (1982) (TV) (play "The Front Page")

The Front Page (1974) (play)
The Front Page (1970) (TV) (play)

Gaily, Gaily (1969) (novel)
... aka Chicago, Chicago (UK)
Casino Royale (1967) (uncredited)
... aka Charles K. Feldman's Casino Royale
Circus World (1964) (screenplay)
... aka Henry Hathaway's The Magnificent Showman (UK: complete title)
... aka Samuel Bronston's Circus World
... aka The Magnificent Showman (UK)
7 Faces of Dr. Lao (1964) (uncredited)
... aka The Secret World of Dr. Lao
Cleopatra (1963) (uncredited)
Billy Rose's Jumbo (1962) (play)
... aka Jumbo (International: English title: informal short title)
Mutiny on the Bounty (1962) (uncredited)
Walk on the Wild Side (1962) (uncredited)
North to Alaska (1960) (uncredited)

"Goodyear Theatre" (1 episode, 1959)
... aka Award Theatre (USA: syndication title)
... aka Golden Years of Television (USA: cable TV title)
    - Hello, Charlie (1959) TV episode (adaptation) (book "Charlie")
John Paul Jones (1959) (uncredited)
The Ten Commandments (1959) (TV) (writer)
The Gun Runners (1958) (uncredited)
... aka Gunrunners (International: English title)
Queen of Outer Space (1958) (outline) (episode "Queen of the Universe")
... aka Queen of the Universe
The Fiend Who Walked the West (1958) (1947 screenplay Kiss of Death)
Legend of the Lost (1957) (writer)
... aka Timbuctù (Italy)
A Farewell to Arms (1957) (screenplay)
Notre Dame de Paris (1956) (uncredited)
... aka Gobbo di Notre Dame, Il (Italy)
... aka The Hunchback of Notre Dame (USA)
... aka Victor Hugo's The Hunchback of Notre-Dame (USA: complete title)
The Iron Petticoat (1956) (screenplay)
... aka Not for Money
Trapeze (1956) (uncredited)
Miracle in the Rain (1956) (novel) (screenplay)
The Court-Martial of Billy Mitchell (1955) (uncredited)
... aka One Man Mutiny (UK)
The Indian Fighter (1955) (screenplay)
The Man with the Golden Arm (1955) (uncredited)
Guys and Dolls (1955/I) (uncredited)
Light's Diamond Jubilee (1954) (TV) (writer)
Ulisse (1954) (writer)
... aka The Loves and Adventures of Ulysses (UK: poster title)
... aka Ulysses (USA)
Living It Up (1954) (play "Hazel Flagg")
Stazione Termini (1953) (uncredited) (titles)
... aka Indiscretion (UK)
... aka Indiscretion of an American Wife (USA)
... aka Station Terminus (International: English title)
... aka Terminal Station
... aka Terminal Station Indiscretion (International: English title)
... aka Terminus Station (International: English title)
Angel Face (1952) (uncredited)
Hans Christian Andersen (1952) (uncredited)
O. Henry's Full House (1952) (segment "Ransom of the Red Chief") (uncredited)
... aka Full House (UK)
Monkey Business (1952) (screenplay)
... aka Be Your Age
... aka Howard Hawks' Monkey Business (USA: complete title)
"Schlitz Playhouse of Stars" (1 episode, 1952)
... aka Herald Playhouse (USA: syndication title)
... aka Schlitz Playhouse (USA: new title)
... aka The Playhouse (USA: syndication title)
    - Double Exposure (1952) TV episode (story)
Actor's and Sin (1952) (writer)
... aka Actors and Sin (USA: poster title)
... aka Woman of Sin (USA)
The Wild Heart (1952) (uncredited)
... aka Gypsy Blood
"Broadway Television Theatre" (1952) TV series (unknown episodes)
The Secret of Convict Lake (1951) (uncredited)
Strangers on a Train (1951) (uncredited)
... aka Alfred Hitchcock's Strangers on a Train (USA: complete title)
The Thing from Another World (1951) (uncredited)
... aka The Thing (USA: short title)
September Affair (1950) (uncredited)
Edge of Doom (1950) (uncredited)
... aka Stronger Than Fear (UK)
Where the Sidewalk Ends (1950) (screenplay)
"Studio One" (3 episodes, 1949-1950)
... aka Studio One Summer Theatre (USA: summer title)
... aka Studio One in Hollywood (USA: new title)
... aka Summer Theatre (USA: summer title)
... aka Westinghouse Studio One (USA)
... aka Westinghouse Summer Theatre (USA: summer title)
    - Miracle in the Rain (1950) TV episode (story)
    - Concerning a Woman of Sin (1949) TV episode (story)
    - The Rival Dummy (1949) TV episode (story)
Perfect Strangers (1950) (play "Ladies and Gentlemen")
... aka Too Dangerous to Love (UK)

The Inspector General (1949) (uncredited)
Whirlpool (1949) (screenplay)
Roseanna McCoy (1949) (uncredited)
Love Happy (1949) (uncredited)
"The Front Page" (1949) TV series (play) (screenplay)
Big Jack (1949) (uncredited)
Portrait of Jennie (1948) (uncredited)
... aka Jennie (UK)
... aka Tidal Wave
Cry of the City (1948) (uncredited)
Rope (1948) (uncredited)
... aka Alfred Hitchcock's Rope (USA: complete title)
The Front Page (1948) (TV) (play)
The Miracle of the Bells (1948) (writer)
The Paradine Case (1947) (screenplay) (uncredited)
Her Husband's Affairs (1947) (writer)
Ride the Pink Horse (1947) (writer)
Kiss of Death (1947) (screenplay)
Dishonored Lady (1947) (uncredited)
... aka Sins of Madeleine (USA: reissue title)
Duel in the Sun (1946) (uncredited)
Notorious (1946) (written by)
... aka Alfred Hitchcock's Notorious (USA: complete title)
Specter of the Rose (1946) (writer)
Gilda (1946) (uncredited)
Cornered (1945) (uncredited)
The Front Page (1945) (TV) (play)
Spellbound (1945) (screenplay)
... aka Alfred Hitchcock's Spellbound (USA: promotional title)
Watchtower Over Tomorrow (1945) (writer)
Lifeboat (1944) (uncredited)
Journey Into Fear (1943) (uncredited)
The Outlaw (1943) (uncredited)
China Girl (1942) (writer)
The Black Swan (1942) (screenplay)
... aka Rafael Sabatini's The Black Swan (USA: complete title)
Tales of Manhattan (1942) (writer)
Ten Gentlemen from West Point (1942) (uncredited)
Roxie Hart (1942) (uncredited)
Lydia (1941) (writer)
... aka Illusions
The Mad Doctor (1941) (uncredited)
... aka A Date with Destiny (UK)
Comrade X (1940) (screenplay)
Second Chorus (1940) (uncredited)
Angels Over Broadway (1940) (written by)
Foreign Correspondent (1940) (writer: final scene) (uncredited)
I Take This Woman (1940) (uncredited)
The Shop Around the Corner (1940) (uncredited)
His Girl Friday (1940) (play "The Front Page")
... aka Howard Hawks' His Girl Friday (USA: complete title)

Gone with the Wind (1939) (contributing writer) (uncredited)
Lady of the Tropics (1939) (screenplay)
Some Like It Hot (1939) (play "The Great Magoo")
... aka Rhythm Romance (USA: TV title)
It's a Wonderful World (1939) (screenplay) (story)
Wuthering Heights (1939) (writer)
Let Freedom Ring (1939) (original story and screenplay)
Stagecoach (1939) (uncredited)
Gunga Din (1939) (story)
Angels with Dirty Faces (1938) (uncredited)
The Goldwyn Follies (1938) (story and screenplay)
Nothing Sacred (1937) (screenplay)
The Hurricane (1937) (uncredited)
The Prisoner of Zenda (1937) (uncredited)
King of Gamblers (1937) (uncredited)
... aka Czar of the Slot Machines
A Star Is Born (1937) (contributing writer) (uncredited)
Soak the Rich (1936) (writer)
Barbary Coast (1935) (writer)
... aka Port of Wickedness (USA: reissue title)
Spring Tonic (1935) (play)
Once in a Blue Moon (1935) (writer)
The Scoundrel (1935) (story)
The Florentine Dagger (1935) (novel)
The President Vanishes (1934) (uncredited)
... aka Strange Conspiracy (UK)
Crime Without Passion (1934) (screenplay) (story "Caballero of the Law")
Shoot the Works (1934) (play)
... aka Thank Your Stars (UK)
Twentieth Century (1934) (play) (uncredited) (screenplay)
... aka 20th Century (USA: poster title)
Upperworld (1934) (story)
Viva Villa! (1934) (screenplay)
Riptide (1934) (uncredited)
Design for Living (1933) (screenplay)
Queen Christina (1933) (uncredited)
Turn Back the Clock (1933) (screenplay)
Topaze (1933/I) (writer)
Hallelujah I'm a Bum (1933) (story)
... aka Hallelujah, I'm a Tramp (UK)
... aka Happy Go Lucky
... aka Lazy Bones (USA: reissue title)
... aka The Heart of New York (USA: reissue title)
Rasputin and the Empress (1932) (uncredited)
... aka Rasputin the Mad Monk (UK)
Back Street (1932) (uncredited)
Million Dollar Legs (1932) (uncredited)
Scarface (1932) (screenplay)
... aka Scarface, the Shame of the Nation
... aka The Shame of a Nation
The Beast of the City (1932) (uncredited)
The Unholy Garden (1931) (novel) (screenplay)
The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931) (uncredited)
... aka The Lullaby (UK)
Monkey Business (1931) (story) (uncredited)
Homicide Squad (1931) (uncredited)
... aka Lost Men
Quick Millions (1931) (uncredited)
The Front Page (1931) (play)
Spectre vert, Le (1930) (story)
Roadhouse Nights (1930) (story)
... aka The River Inn
Street of Chance (1930) (uncredited)
The Unholy Night (1929) (story)
... aka The Green Ghost
The Great Gabbo (1929) (story "The Rival Dummy")
The Big Noise (1928) (story)
The American Beauty (1927) (uncredited)
... aka The Beautiful Fraud (UK)
Underworld (1927) (story)
... aka Paying the Penalty (UK)
The New Klondike (1926) (uncredited)

西方文明的各个重要支脉的源头都能够汇集到一些著名的史诗上，这些系统化的原始民族神话印留着其文明形成时期的基本要素。这些史诗由那些游吟诗人和巫师（诗人）们口口相传，镌刻他们对于英雄祖先的光辉想象，时至今日，它们成为了特定民族区域文化始源的重要见证者。

常见的中世纪史诗如《罗兰之歌》、《熙德之歌》等，这些民族英雄史诗与更晚一点的骑士传奇与基督教在欧洲迅速流传并与政权结盟的过程密切相关。《熙德之歌》等欧洲民族形成时期的史诗都有经过修订的基督教化版本，骑士传奇系统更不说了，如圆桌骑士系统的传奇都围绕基督之死来展开，基督教义成为骑士们屠杀恶龙，征服土地至高无上的认证证书。熙德后来成为高乃依同名悲剧的灵感之源。由于外族入侵而带出的形而上王国概念压倒性地超越了熙德和施曼娜基于血缘的家族情仇。在这个经过改造的古典主义剧本中，熙德身上所体现出来的个人与王国概念之间的冲突是一种十分典型的现代驯化。在文明进化进程中，抽象的概念不断超越、压抑基于身体的欲望，基于社会组织的概念不断超越、压抑基于血缘、民族的原始组织形式及其实体形式。原始的民族史诗随着文明进展而不断地纳入到了整个文明组织化、道德化、规范化的进程中。

与之相异的是，一些处于欧洲文明边缘地带的民族的史诗却能够从这个文明驯化的进程中幸免，使我们得以窥见欧洲前基督教（或者是异基督教）时期的文化地貌。爱尔兰史诗《夺牛记》可以算作比较典型的，不过，由于爱尔兰长期被英国殖民统治的原因，这种诸如对《夺牛记》进行“版本改良”或“选择性翻译”的情况有时候被具体化为殖民化思维，有了前面的讨论基础，我们其实可以把它更深刻地理解为基督教化的过程。《夺牛记》显示了我们在已经驯化的文明内部很难看到的一些特点。

由于该书一直没有汉译，我们今天看到它的时候，已经是西方以基督教价值为核心的价值观念趋于瓦解的时期。我们现在捧起这本书来看的时候，反面会领会到十分强烈的“后现代精神”。原因在于，对于那个高度基督教化的西方正统文明，我们今天的接受者和《夺牛记》在某种意义上都是远离中心的。不同在于，我们试图认识并逃离那种文明驯化模式，而口头写作、流传《夺牛记》的那些蛮荒者本来就由于时间、空间的原因独立于这种驯化模式之外。

前基督教史诗对于史诗描写庞大战争起源时的解释令今天的我们感到无比奇怪，比如《荷马史诗》中整个希腊半岛盟军为之征战十年的特洛伊战争的起因竟然是争夺美女海伦。这是典型的前文明教化的思维。战争的目的其实十分明显，就是掠夺财产、奴隶等，但对于战争动机的修饰形式与今天社会迥然不同。美国在中东的利益当然是石油，但它们却要加上建立民主、恐怖主义等一系列大而化之的概念。《夺牛记》在这一点上更为奇怪，它是国王与王后在床上攀比财产，王后比不过国王，去借一头不输于国王那边的漂亮公牛而不得。借一头牛引起一场举国动员、规模浩大、旷日持久的战争，这样的作品放在今天，在某种意义上，是十分时尚，十分“90年代后”的。

行笔至此，我想起我喜爱的一些典型的爱尔兰式人物，比如詹姆斯·乔伊斯、贝克特、恩雅、西妮德·奥康娜（Sinead O'connor）这般天籁型的人物。我以前总以为爱尔兰那一片山水有着别样的灵气，使他们呼吸的空气不如别人那般滞重，所以能做出那些飘逸空灵的作品来。有了《夺牛记》引发的这番讨论，我幡然省悟，哪里是空气，只是他们站的那一方土地，离教化更远一些，这种来自文明边缘地带的视角，自然使他们对于现代文明的凝视，平添了几分超然。（冯欣，见于《广州日报》2008年6月7日）

    无论是谁都有一部自己的电影。这是既不用银幕又不用放映机的，只要专心面壁凝视就可以看到被映照出来的"时间"的幻灯。
                                                             一《射向摄影师》

    电影原来是一种反映政治的形式，可同时又是一种极其革命的艺术，它的这种二重性和爵士乐是“没有纲领的革命”的性质相似。在创作者与接受者的观众之间，只是以一幅银幕作为国境线，幻想一边秘密地潜入国境，一边变换着自已的样子，在这过程中电影就有了最初的自我的历史。
                                                            一《射向摄影师》
   
我把我自己经历过的30年的岁月时光作为一种比喻的故事来认识，根据这种认识    来确认与现在的不连续性。……实际上没有发生过的事也是存在于历史之中的。……
                                                            一《射向摄影师》

    大岛渚的电影虽然是在描写犯罪，但仅仅只是在描写犯罪，在电影摄影操作的本身并未构成任何犯罪，在这个意义上是古典式的。
                                                           一《射向摄影师》

    我回忆起在摄制《扔掉书本上街去》时，我边摄影，边跑来跑去地读书，边端着饭碗边写台词，然后边睡或打着瞌睡边朗读文学作品的经验。所以在拍电影时，我也要求摄影机边跑边摄，我是这样要求摄影师的。
                                                           一《射向摄影师》

    鸟经常在一句话中飞来飞去。/ 因此，我们读懂它时总是要在这之后。/ 在天空经历的胆战心惊的航程，不能称作是"记录"。/ 对于我来说，我所认为的记录艺术，那只有当我自身成为鸟的时候。
                                                   一《游击生活与它的自豪》

当把物体带进风景时，这就形成了铸造一把戏剧的剑的机会。
                                                       —《从密室走向街道》

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